COMET介绍及特点分析-豆柴文库

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COMET介绍及特点分析
Introduction
Acometisacelestialbodythatismadeupofice,dust,androcks.Thesecelestialobjectsarerelativelysmallcomparedtootherspaceobjectssuchasplanets,stars,andasteroids.Cometshavebeenobservedsinceancienttimes,andtheirappearanceshavebeeninterpretedbydifferentculturesinvariousways.ThewordcometcomesfromtheLatinword‘comet’whichmeanslong-hairedstar,duetothelongtailthatcometscandevelop.Cometsarebelievedtohaveformedabout4.6billionyearsago,aroundthesametimeasthesolarsystem.Thispaperdiscussesthefeaturesofcomets,includingtheircomposition,structure,andorbit.
CompositionofComets
Cometsareprimarilycomposedofice,dust,androcks.Theiceincometsismainlymadeupofwater,carbondioxide,andammonia.Thesesubstancescanformtheicearoundtherockanddustparticlesthatmakeupthecomet.Theiceincometsisbelievedtohavebeenformedduringtheearlystagesofthesolarsystemwhenthetemperaturewaslowenoughtoformandfreezethesesubstances.
Dustparticlesincometsaresmallrockypiecesmeasuringaboutafewmillimeterstoseveralcentimeters.Theseparticlesarebelievedtobetheremnantofthedustcloudthatsurroundedtheearlysolarsystem.Thedustparticlescanbeseeninthecoma,whichisthegasanddustenvelopethatsurroundsthecomet.Thecomacanalsobeseenasabrighthalothatdevelopsaroundtheheadofthecometwhenitapproachesthesun.
Rocksincometsarebelievedtobemadeupofsilicates,carbonates,andmetal.Therocksareusuallymixedwithdustandiceparticles.Therocksincometscanbeanalyzedfortheirchemicalcompositionandprovideinsightintotheearlystagesofthesolarsystem.
StructureofComets
Cometshaveanucleus,coma,andtail.Thenucleusisthesolidcentralpartofthecomet,madeupofamixtureofdust,rock,andice.Thenucleusistypicallyafewkilometersindiameterbutcanrangefromafewhundredmeterstotensofkilometers.Thecomaisthegasenvelopethatsurroundsthenucleus.Thecomacanrangefromafewkilometerstotensofthousandsofkilometersindiameterdependingonthesizeandactivityofthecomet.
ThetailofthecometiswhatmakesitvisiblefromEarth.Thetailcanbeseenasabrightstreakoflighttrailingfromtheheadofthecomet.Thetailismadeupofgasa