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一、选择合适的词汇填空（8分）
1.Thesolidpartofearthiscalledthe.
A.atmosphereB.lithosphereC.hydrosphere
2.isascienceofstudyingtheearth.
A.HistoryofgeologyB.AstronomyC.Biology
3.Scientistsbelievetheearthismadeupof.
A.crustB.mantleC.coreD.A、BandC
4.isonekindofigneousrock.
A.disabaseB.EvaporateC.Dolomite
5.Sedimentaryrocksformaslayersandaresaidtohavea
A.beddedB.crystallineC.massive
6.Whichmineralisthehardest?.
A.QuartzB.ApatiteC.Corundum
7.Thegeneralshapeoftheearthisthatofa.
A.flattenedsphereB.squareC.circular
8.Whichgroupoffollowingconsistsofgranite?
A.Mica,quartz,calciteB.Feldspar,olivine,quartzC.Mica,feldspar,quartz
9.rockwasformeddirectlyfrommoltenmaterialandmeansfiremade.
A.SedimentaryB.MetamorphicC.ligneous
10.Themostabundantigneousrockare.
A.shearandgneissB.marbleandbasaltC.graniteandbasalt
11.Mostrocksare.
A.aggregatesofmineralsB.glassymineralsC.originalelements
12.isestablishedbyLiSiguang.
A.GeomechanicsB.PlatformtheoryC.Geosyncline-Platformtheory
13.isusedtostudythechemicalelementsintheearthandnaturalhistoryofisotope.
A.GeochemistyB.GemologyC.Isotopegeology
14.isthebranchscienceofgeologythatdealswiththeorigin,composition,
structure,andalterationofrocks.
A.PetrologyB.EcologyC.PetroleumD.Geochemistry
15.Whenthesoilandsubsoilareunrelatedtounderlyingbedrock,itislikelythatthesoilhasbeen.
A.erodedB.denudedC.transported
16.Thedirectionofthelineintersectionoftheplaneofstratificationwiththehorizontal
planeis.
A.dipB.strikeC.orientation
二、ReadthepassagesandanswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish.
PASSAGES1
Thepurposeofafoundationistocarrytheloadofastructureandspreaditoveragreater
area,evenlyandwithoutunduesettlement,tothegroundbeneath.Thesizeandtypeof
foundationdependsonthenatureofthegroundandtheloadcarriedbyit.Thebearingcapacity
ofasoilmeansthemaximumloadperunitarea(usuallyintermsofKN/m2)whichtheground
willsafelysupport.
Asthenatureofthesoiloftenvariesconsiderablyonthesameconstructionsite,thecapacity
ofthesoiltosupportloadsalsovaries.Therefore,itisnotalwayspossibletoprovideauniform
si