高考英语阅读理解(教育文化)专项练习.doc

高考英语阅读理解(教育文化)专项练习

一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类
1．阅读理解

Theterm"crocodiletears"referstoinsinceresadness.Thistermhasanetymologydatingbackseveralcenturies.Asearlyasthefourthcentury,crocodiletearsarereferencedintheliteraturewiththemeaningofinsinceresorrow.Itissaidthatcrocodilesweepwhileeatingtheirhuntedanimalsbecausetheyaresad;however,thissadnessisnothonest.
Thetermcrocodiletearsbecamewidelypopularafteritwasdocumentedinafifteenth-centurybooktitledTheVoyageandTravelofSirJohnMandeville,Knight.Apassagefromthebookreads:"Thesecrocodileskillmenandtheyeatthemweeping."
Asyoumayalreadyknow,crocodilians(鳄目动物)likelyfeelbadaboutlittle—especiallyfeeding.However,theassumptionofthecrocodile-tearsmetaphormaybetrue.Ina2007paperpublishedinBioSciencetitled"CrocodileTears:Andtheyeatthemweeping",researchersobserved7crocodiliansincagesduringfeedingtimeatareserve(4caimansand3Americanalligators).Theresearchersobservedthecrocodiliansoutsideofwateratfeedingstationstobetterfindoutwhethertearingdeveloped.
Fiveofthe7crocodiliansdevelopedsomethingliketearsintheireyesbefore,duringorafterfeeding.Theresearcherssuggestthatthesecrocodiletearsoccurbecauseacrocodilianhisses(发出嘶嘶声)whileiteats,andthishissingforcesairthroughthespacesinthebonebehindthenoseandouttheeye,intheprocesspickingupnasolacrimalsecretions(鼻泪管分泌物.)
Inhumans,crocodiletearsisamedicalconditionthatcausesapersontotearupwhileeating.Crocodiletearstypicallyoccurbecauseofatemporarylossoffacialcontrolduetodamageofthefacialnerve.Specifically,whenthefacialnervegrowsagain,itdoessoincorrectlythusresultingintearsduringchewingfood.
（1）Theunderlinedword"etymology"inParagraph1refersto________.
A.areferencebookcontainingarticlesonvarioustopics
B.theoriginandhistoryofaparticularterm
C.aprintedsheetofpaperthatarcgivenfreetoadvertise
D.theapplicationandinfluenceofanewtheory
（2）Theterm"crocodiletears"________.
A.isamedicalconditionthatcausesacrocodiletotearup
B.becamewidelypopularasearlyasthefourthcentury
C.referstopretendedsadness
D.provedtobeonlyanassumption
（3）Fromthe2