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托福独立写作技巧方法讲解 第一篇:托福独立写作技巧方法讲解独立部分作文笔记(原创)一.TWE评分过程(1)不必在意的四件事——破除原有误解①不必在意英语和美语的差异;②不必在意口语与书面语的差异;③不必在意任何文化差异;④不必在意语言是否地道。(2)6分评分标准Readersshouldfocusonwhattheexamineedoeswell.Scores6Demonstratesclearcompetenceinwritingonboththerhetoricalandsyntacticlevels,thoughitmayhaveoccasionalerrors.Apaperinthiscategory––effectivelyaddressesthewritingtask––iswellorganizedandwelldeveloped––usesclearlyappropriatedetailstosupportathesisorillustrateideas––displaysconsistentfacilityintheuseoflanguage––demonstratessyntacticvarietyandappropriatewordchoice二.评分标准的分析评分标准一:effectivelyaddressesthewritingtask(1)简单说明文(Explanation)(I)BackgroundInformation,ThesisStatement——1段(II)Supporting——2-3段。例:21.Ingeneral,peoplearelivinglongernow.Discussthecausesofthisphenomenon.Usespecificreasonsanddetailstodevelopyouressay.Supporting:A、食物改善;B、技术进步;C、社会和经济环境的稳定。TopicSentence:AmongvariousfactorsthathavemadepeoplelivelongerareA,BandC.①Aisveryimportantfactor.粗粮、细粮,肉食,牛奶,水质(自来水、矿泉水)……②EquallyimportantisB.医疗技术使很多过去的绝症轻易获得治疗,如百日咳,肺结核等。③MatchingAandBisanotheressentialfactor,C.战争,社会动荡,经济动荡都会影响人们的寿命。主题句的写法:①尽量不要只使用抽象名词;②尽量暗示文章将来结构,主题句写好了可以没有结论句;③主题句应该值得解释、值得证明。(2)对比、对照(Compare&Contrast)(I)BackgroundInformation(II)Compare&Contrast√√√A√√×OrA√B√××B×××√B×A×(III)TopicSentence/Conclusion(3)立论文(Argumentation)①本身有争议;③不能用right/wrong来修饰,而是whoismorereasonable.例:41.Somepeoplethinkthathumanneedsforfarmland,housing,andindustryaremoreimportantthansavinglandforendangeredanimals.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththispointofview?Whyorwhynot?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.立场:反对盲目地保护濒临灭绝动物。(I)BackgroundInformation(II)Supporting×××(III)Rebuttal驳证——选择一个对立立场辩驳(最重要的部分)beautiful?necessary?money?(IV)TopicSentence审题立论的注意事项:①以读者为导向;②想好了再写;③说服读者而不仅是表达;④顺序很重要;⑤结论不重要。评分标准二:iswellorganizedandwelldeveloped1、元素排列(1)二分法:①简单→复杂;②已知→未知;③次要→重要(说明说服为目的)。(2)逻辑关系:①并列;②递进;③转折。有力模式:有力模式I有力模式II有力模式IIIA↓并列递进转折B↓↓↓↓递进转折递进C例:43.Whydoyouthinksomepeopleareattractedtodangeroussportsorotherdangerousactivities?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouransw

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