专四常考语法点汇总.docx

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语法与词汇专项
语法核心考点一：从属分句

复合句=主句+从句（1个或1个以上）
要点1从属分句是复合句必不可少的组成部分，以语法功能作为分类标准，从属分句可以分为状语从句、关系从句（即定语从句）和名词性从句。其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步和方式等；名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
要点2状语从句的考点集中在方式、条件、让步、方式和时间状语从句上；关系从句的考点集中在关系代词的选择，限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别；名词性从句的考点集中在宾语从句和同位语从句。

一状语从句
状语从句真题剖析：

1Nineistothree_____threeistoone.(2008,53)
A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what
2______hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhisassignment.(2008,55)
A.MuchthoughB.MuchasC.AsmuchD.Thouthmuch
3Mendifferfromanimals____theycanthinkandspeak.(2008,54)
A.forwhichB.forthatC.inthatD.inwhich
4Theystoodchattingtogetheraseasilyandnaturallyas____.(2008,60)
A.itcouldbeB.couldbeC.itwasD.was
5Thecouplehadnosoonergottothestation______thecoachleft.(2009，60)
A.whenB.asC.untilD.than
6____thebosssays,itisunreasonabletoaskmetoworkovertimewithoutpay.（2010，55）
A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhicheverD.However
7Fool____Jerryis,hecouldnothavedonesuchathing.
A.whoB.asC.likeD.that
8Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,___thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.(2005)
A.onoccasionB.onpurposeC.onconditionD.onlyif
9Whichofthefollowingcontainsanadverbialclauseofcause?
A.IgotajobassoonasIleftuniversity.
B.Astherewasonanswer,Iwroteagain.
C.YoumustdotheexerciseasIshowyou.
D.Wealthyasheis,Markisnotahappyman.

状语从句重点总结：
（一）条件状语从句：表示条件或假设，通常由以下连词或结构引导：
If如果unless如果不；除非aslongas只要solongas只要onconditionthat条件是intheeventthat如果，在……的情况下provided/providingthat假如giventhat如果suppose/supposingthat假如assuming(that)假如say假如★特别提醒
几种不常用的条件状语从句举例：
Intheeventthatshecannotarriveontime,wewillgofirst.
Supposeitsnowed,wewouldstillgo.
Saywhathesaidweretrue,whatwouldyoudoaboutit?
（二）让步状语从句：含有“虽然，尽管，即使”之意，主要引导词有：
though/although虽然evenif/eventhough即使nomatter+疑问词无论疑问词+ever无论inspiteofthefactthat尽管while尽管muchas不管……尽管……forallthat尽管as/thoughgranted/granting(that)虽然，尽管★特别提醒
1.几种不常用的让步状语从句举例：
Inspiteofthefactthathewasdeafanddumb,hehadageniusformusic.
Whilethegrandparentslovethechildren,theyarestrictwiththem.
Muchassheneededthejob,shehadtorefuse